After the Second coming and the judgement, who will live on the new earth and ho will live in the new heaven?

Briefly: Scripture and the tradition give us only a few literal details, and we should be honest about how little we actually know. On who lives where: I don't read the new heaven and the new earth as two separate destinations, one group here and another there. The elect are one Church triumphant. Look at what John shows us in Apocalypse 21: the holy city, the new Jerusalem, comes DOWN out of heaven from God, and the great voice declares, "Behold, the dwelling of God is with men. He will dwell with them." That is God dwelling WITH His people. As I've put it, after the judgment in the air, where we assist Christ in judging (1 Corinthians 6:2-3), we will come down and possess the new heaven and new earth together. It's not a matter of sorting some to earth and some to heaven; the whole redeemed creation becomes God's dwelling with His saints. We were made as human beings, body and soul, to live embodied, not to float forever in the air. On whether the new earth will be a natural, physical environment: here we have to be careful. We know from 1 Corinthians 15:37-44 that our resurrected bodies will be spiritual bodies, far different in glory from our present bodies, yet still bodies, still with some physical substance. Since Jesus is in heaven now with a real body and remains human for all eternity, we can reasonably surmise that the new universe must be made to accommodate physical bodies, so there will be SOME physicality to it. But John himself signals that it will be very different: "the sea was no more." That detail is a synecdoche, the part standing for the whole, telling us the entire new universe will be constituted quite differently than the old. So don't press the rivers, streets of gold, and jeweled gates literally; most of Apocalypse 21-22 is symbolic, given because human words tied to earthly experience simply cannot capture the reality. On your instinct that we mostly lack information: you are essentially right, and that instinct is the humble and correct one. As I've said, most of the language is symbolic, and only a few small nonsymbolic details are given. We don't know precisely what our new bodies will be like, what we will be doing, or the exact nature of that new physicality. Augustine and Aquinas themselves speculated and sometimes disagreed. The lesson is not disappointment but wonder: the new creation will be so glorious, so far above imagination, that words would only detract from it. As the old saying goes, this is something you have to see to believe. Works cited: - CASB-2-The_Apocalypse_of_St_John_6_x_9_PDF_Second_edition - Commentary Vol 4 12.15.21 - YouTube: The Truth About "The Rapture" | Robert Sungenis Live #064 - YouTube: Geocentrism, the Scofield Bible & Why God Got Angry at David - Apocalypse (Revelation) 21:1-4, 21:22-23 - 1 Corinthians 15:37-44 - 1 Corinthians 6:2-3 - Hebrews 11:8-10, 11:16, 11:39-40 - 2 Peter 3:10-13