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Was St. Augustine really a Neoplatonist allegorizer, or was he literal and critical of pagan philosophy?

A viewer says modern scholars often paint St. Augustine as a Neoplatonist who read Scripture allegorically, when in fact he was quite literal and mocked pagan philosophy, and asks Robert's assessment.

Answer

Augustine sometimes had three or four different answers to the same passage, especially the difficult ones, which shows how hard theology is when you are dealing with God. If you had to place him near a Greek philosophy, there are really only two, Plato and Aristotle, since everything comes down to universals or particulars, and Augustine is nearer the Platonist side, the side of ideals and universals. He came out of the Alexandrian school of exegesis; he was a bishop in Africa near Egypt, so it is no surprise he had more of a penchant for allegory than other Fathers. And here I am a bit reticent to admit it, but Augustine did drop his literal interpretation of some passages, and not for the right reasons. In Genesis 1 and 2 he stopped emphasizing the literal reading, saying it was too difficult, with too many unknowns, and that is not a good enough reason; then he made things up, saying the days are not twenty-four-hour periods but are written as days so the angels can contemplate creation in sequence, and that the light of the first day is the angels. Where does he get that? There is nothing in Scripture; the other Fathers, Chrysostom, Basil, Gregory Nazianzen, Jerome, read Genesis literally as historical truth. Allegory is fine where Scripture is screaming that it is an allegory, as in Daniel, Ezekiel, the Apocalypse, the parables, and Paul's allegory in Galatians 4; what it is adverse to is taking a plain grammatical, historical text and allegorizing it, often just to look special.

Dr. Robert Sungenis

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